ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 16827 First edition 2012-04-01 Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Characterization and sizing of discontinuities Essais non destructifs Controle par ultrasons Caractérisation et dimensionnementdesdiscontinuites Reference number ISO 16827:2012(E) @ ISO 2012 by IHS under lic Not for Resale ISO 16827:2012(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT @ISO2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either isO at the address below or IsO's memberbody in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 : CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland @ IsO 2012-All rights reserved y IHS unde Not for Resale ISO 16827:2012(E) Contents Page Foreword .. Introduction.. vi 1 Scope.... 2 Normative references.. 3 Principles of characterization of discontinuities. 3.1 3.2 4 Pulse echo techniques.... 4.1 General 4.2 Location of discontinuity .... 4.3 Orientation of discontinuity..... 4.4 Assessment of multiple indications 4.5 Shape of discontinuity .... 4.5.1 Simple classification .. 4.5.2 4.6 Maximumechoheightofindication 4.7 Size of discontinuity.... 4.7.1 4.7.2 Maximum echo height techniques. 4.7.3 Probe movement sizing techniques .... 4.7.4 Selection of sizing techniques .... 4.7.5 Sizing techniques with focussing ultrasonic probes ........... 4.7.6 Use of mathematical algorithms for sizing ...... 4.7.7 Special sizing techniques.... 5 Transmission technique. 5.1 General ...... 5.2 Location of discontinuity.... 5.3 Evaluation of multiple discontinuities... 5.4 Reduction of signal amplitude .... 5.5 Sizing of discontinuity .... Annex A (normative) Analysis of multiple indications .. .12 A.1 Lateral characterisation .... A.2 Transverse (Through-thickness) characterisation ... 12 A.3 Shadow technique....... 12 Annex B (normative) Techniques for the classification of discontinuity shape .. 14 B.1 Simple classification .. B.1.1 General ..... .14 B.1.2 Reconstruction technique... 14 B.1.3 Echo enveiope technique .... .14 B.2 Detailed classification..... B.2.1 General ... .14 B.2.2 Echodynamic pattern technique.... .15 B.2.3 Directional reflectivity....... B.3 Combination of data... 17 Annex C (informative) Maximum echo height sizing technique. .25 C.1 Distance-gain-size (DGS) technique... .25 C.1.1 .25 C.1.2 Applications and limitations........ C.2 Distance-amplitude-correction (DAC) curve technique C.2.1 ..25 CopyrightntemationalOrganzasadardizaloghtsreserved ili ted withoutlicensefromIHS Not for Resale